The imperative mood (abbreviated ) is a grammatical mood that expresses direct commands or requests. It tells you to do something. It is also used to signal a prohibition, permission or any other kind of exhortation. Definition:
A sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command. (Compare with sentences that make astatement, ask aquestion, or express an exclamation.) An imperative sentence ends with a period or an exclamation point.
Imperative Sentences
Sentence and Structure
An imperative sentence is used to give a command or to implore or entreat.
People who have authority use imperative sentences. Sometimes, people who don't have authority use imperative sentences. The results may differ.
imperative sentences
Wash the car.
Clean up your room.
Martin, report to the counselor.
Please donate to the community charity fund.
Imperative sentences are used in issuing orders or directives:
Leave your coat in the hall
Give me your phone number
Don't shut the door
Stop!
Tag questions are sometimes added to the end of imperatives:
Leave your coat in the hall, will you?
Write soon, won't you?
In an imperative sentence, the main verb is in the base form. This is an exception to the general rule that matrix clauses are always finite.
Imperatives exerciese
Rewrite the sentences in imperative. Keep the same meaning.
Example:You can't step on the grass. - Don't step on the grass.
We must revise some new words. - Let's revise some new words.
A present tense(abbreviatedpres or prs) is a grammatical tensethat locates a situation or event in present time.In English, the present may be used to express action in the present, a current state of being, an occurrence in the future, or an action that started in the past and continues.
" How to use Present Simple Tense "
Form of the Simple Present Tense
We add -s or -es to the base form of the verb in the third person singular.
I work >
You work >
He works >
She works >
It works > in an office.
We work >
You work >
They work >
Uses of the Simple Present Tense
Permanent truths
We use the Simple Present for statements that are always true:
Summer follows spring. Gases expand when heated.
The present period'
We use the Simple Present to refer to events, actions or situations which are true in the present period of time and which, for all we know, may continue indefinitely. What we are saying, in effect, is 'this is the situation as it stands at present':
My father works in a bank. My sister wears glasses.
Habitual actions
The Simple Present can be used with or without an adverb of time to describe habitual actions, things that happen repeatedly:
I get up at 7. John smokes a lot.
We can be more precise about habitual actions by using the Simple Present with adverbs of indefinite frequency (always, never, etc.) or with adverbial phrases such as every day:
I sometimes stay up till midnight.
She visits her parents every day.
We commonly use the Simple Present to ask and answer questions which begin with How often?:
How often do you go to the dentist? - I go every six months.
Questions relating to habit can be asked with ever and answered with never:
Do you ever eat meat? - No, I never eat meat.
Future reference
This use is often related to timetables and programmes or to events in the calendar:
The exhibition opens on January 1st and closes on January 31st.
The concert begins at 7.30 and ends at 9.30.
We leave tomorrow at 11.15 and arrive at 17.50.
Wednesday, May 24th marks our 25th wedding anniversary.
Observations and declarations
We commonly use the Simple Present with stative and other verbs to make observations and declarations in the course of conversation: e.g.
I hope/assume/suppose/promise everything will be all right.
I bet you were nervous just before your driving test.
It says here that the police expect more trouble in the city.
I declare this exhibition open.
I see/hear there are roadworks in the street again.
I love you. I hate him.
We live in difficult times. - I agree.
Simple Present Tense in adverbial clauses of time: 'no future after temporals'
When the time clause refers to the future, we normally use the simple present after after, as soon as, before, by the time, directly, immediately, the moment, till, until and when where we might expect a Simple Future.
The Owens will move to a new flat when their baby is born.
I will go to the cinema after I finish my homework.
You will get the dessert as soon as you finish your dinner.
Definition: Prepositions are a class of words that indicate relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words in a sentence. Most often they come before a noun. They never change their form, regardless of the case, gender etc. of the word they are referring to.
Some common prepositions are:
about by outside
above despite over
across down past
after during since
against except through
Prepositions typically come before a noun:
For example:
after class
at home
before Tuesday
in London
on fire
with pleasure
A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence.
For example:
The book is on the table.
The book is beside the table.
She read the book during class.
In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time.
Prepositions are classified as simple or compound. Simple prepositions
Simple prepositions are single word prepositions. These are all showed above.
For example:
The book is on the table.
Compound prepositions
Compound prepositions are more than one word. in between and because of are prepositions made up of two words - in front of, on behalf of are prepositions made up of three words.
For example:
The book is in between War and Peace and The Lord of the Rings.
The book is in front of the clock.
Examples:
The children climbed the mountain without fear.
There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated.
The spider crawled slowly along the banister.
The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:
Prepositions of Time:
- on day of the week on Monday
- in months / seasons in August / in winter
time of day in the morning
year in 2006
after a certain period in an hourat
of time (when?)
- at for night at night
for weekend at the weekend
a certain point at half past nine
of time (when?)
Prepositions of Place:
in room, building, street, town, country in the kitchen, in London
book, paper etc. in the book
car, taxi in the car, in a taxi
picture, world in the picture, in the world
- at meaning next to, by an object at the door, at the station
for table at the table
for events at a concert, at the party
place where you are to do at the cinema, at school,at work
something typical (watch a film, study,work)
- on attached the picture on the wall
for a place with a river London lines on the Thames
being on a surface on the table
for a certain side (left, right) on the left
for a floor in a house on the first floor
for public transport on the bus,on a plane
for television, radio on tv, on the radio
Preposition Song
Complete the exercise according to the picture.
the picture, I can see a woman.
The woman is sitting a table.
She is sitting a chair.
There is another chair the woman.
Her feet are the table
The woman is holding a cup her hands.
the table are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment calendar, two pens and a muffin.
