Auxiliary verbs are used together with a main verb to give grammatical information and therefore add extra meaning to a sentence. Information that is not given by the main verb.
They are used to form the passive voice.
They are used to form the continuous tense.
They are used to form the perfect tense.
Be, Do and Have are auxiliary verbs, they are irregular verbs and can be used as main verbs. The verbs 'to be' and 'to have' are the most commonly used auxiliary verbs and work alongside the main verbs in any statement.
Modal verbs are also auxiliary verbs, but will be treated separately, these are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would, they differ from the others in that they can never function as a main verb.
The 3 most common auxiliary verbs are:
- Do - Does - Did
- Do is used with the present simple tense. Do-Does are used as part of the sentence structure for negative statements/sentences with the present simple tense
- Do- Does are used as part of the sentence structure for questions, with the present simple tense.
- Did is used with the past simple tense.
- Did is used as part of the sentence structure for negative statements/sentences with the past simple tense
- Did is used as part of the sentence structure for questions, with the past simple tense.
- Be - Am - Is - Are -Was - Were
- Have - Has -Had
DESCRIPTIONS OF ENGLISH AUXILIARY VERBS:
1. 'DO', 'DON'T', 'DOES' and 'DOESN'T' are used for questions and negatives in the Present Simple Tense, and 'DID' and 'DIDN'T' are used in the Past Simple Tense.
2. 'BE' is used with the Present Participle in Continuous (Progressive) Verbs. It is also used with the Past Participle in the Passive.
3. 'HAVE' is used with the Past Participle to form the Perfect Aspect.
Tobe
Be is the most common verb in the English language.It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is used a lot in its other forms.
Base form = be
Present form = am/is/are
Past form = was/were
Present Participle / Gerund = being
Past Participle = been
More on the Verb To Be
To do
The verb do is one of the most common verbs in English.It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is often used in questions.
Base form = do
Present form = do/does
Past form = did
Present Participle / Gerund = doing
Past Participle = done
More on the Verb To Do
!Note - The auxiliary verb 'do' is always followed by the base form (infinitive).
To have
Have is one of the most common verbs in the English language.Base form = have
Present form = have / has
Past form = had
Present Participle / Gerund = having
Past Participle = had
More on the Verb To Have
Auxiliary Verb Exercise
The following sentences are taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, a book you will be reading in a few weeks. Underline the auxiliary verb in each sentence.
1. Tom was swimming in bliss.
2. Well, I’ve been pretty much so, too, Huck.
3. I been creeping all over, ever since I got here.
4. The boys were subdued by these solemnities, and talked little.
5. Now the raft was passing before the distant town.
6. Well, he’s mended kites for me, Huck, and knitted hooks on to my line.
7. Daily Muff Potter’s gratitude made Tom glad he had spoken; but nightly he wished he had sealed up his tongue.
8. Aunt Polly was vexed to think she had overlooked that bit of circumstantial evidence, and missed a trick.
9. They’re coming right toward the door.
10. The family were still at table, but they had finished breakfast.
Fill in the blanks with the correct auxiliary verb. If there is more than one tense possible, indicate both options. For example: She was/is going to the prom. Remember, auxiliary verbs are forms of be, have, and do.
I ______ spending my money.
We _______________ going fishing.
They ________________ dancing all night.
He ___________ washed the car.
I ____________ eating a jelly donut.
Six hot dogs ___________ eaten by them during the game.
Bill _____________ gone to the doctor.
Ms. Keyser _______________ not teaching today.
We _______________ teaching instead.
I _____________ finished with auxiliary verb sentences.
Good Lucky
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